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㊦ に(4) ←

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㊦ に (5)

Particle


A particle which indicates purpose when someone moves from one place to another. To do something; in order to do something
【Related Expression: 為に

Key Sentences

(ks). 私はデパートへ贈り物を買い行った・行きました。

I went to a department store to buy a gift.


Formation

Vます  
  話し To talk
  食べ To eat

Examples

(a). 学生が質問をし来た。

A student came to ask questions.

(b). そこへ何をし行くんですか。

To do what are you going there?/ For what are you going there?

(c). 村井さんは昼ご飯を食べうちへ帰った。

Mr. Murai went home to eat his lunch.


Notes

1. Verbます, meaning 'to do something', can be used only with verbs of motion, (i.e., verbs which express a movement from one place to another), such as 行く 'go', 来る 'come', 帰る 'return', 入る 'enter' and 出る 'leave'. Verbs like 歩く 'walk', 走る 'run' and 泳ぐ 'swim' are not considered motion verbs because they express a manner of movement rather than a movement from one place to another. Therefore, the following sentence is ungrammatical.

2. If the verb in Verbます is a compound verb of the structure Nounする, such as 仕事する 'work', 勉強する 'study' and 質問する 'ask a question', する is sometimes omitted.

【Related Expression】

Verb informal nonpast為に is also used to express purpose in an action. However, the uses of Verb informal nonpast為に and Verbます differ in some ways. First, unlike Verbます, Verb informal nonpast為に can be used with any verb. Examples:

[1]

[2]

Second, when Verbます and Verb informal nonpast為に are used with verbs of motion, Verbます can be used without a directional phrase, but Verb informal nonpast為に cannot, unless that information is clear from the context. Examples:

[3]

[4]

Third, when Verb informal nonpast為に and Verbます are used with verbs of motion, Verb informal nonpast為に usually expresses a rather important purpose, while Verbます can be used even to express something insignificant. Examples:

[5]


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