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Noun (usually used in formal writing and formal speech)
| Dependent noun marks content of what writer has learned. | (I heard/It is said/etc.) that |
| 【Related Expression: とのこと】 | |
(ksa). この度は本社営業部長にご栄転の由、誠におめでとう存じます。
I heard of your promotion this time to manager of the headquarters' sales department. Please accept my sincere congratulations.
(ksb). 地球環境保護の国際会議が来年当市で開催される由(である)。
It is said that an international conference on global environmental protection will be held in this city next year.
(ksc). 野沢先生は来年一年ドイツにいらっしゃる由、伺っております。
I've been informed that next year Professor Nozawa is going to Germany for a year.
| (i)Nounの | 由 | |
| ご入院の由 | I heard of someone's hospitalisation | |
| (ii){V/Adjectiveい}informal | 由 | |
| {行う/行った}由 | I heard that someone will do/did something | |
| {高い/高かった}由 | I heard that something is/was expensive | |
| (iii){Adjectiveなstem/Noun} | {である/であった}由 | |
| 不便{である/であった}由 | I heard that something is/was inconvenient | |
| 先生{である/であった}由 | I heard that someone is/was a teacher |
(a). 第一子御出産の由、心からお祝い申し上げます。
I heard that you gave birth to your first child and I send my heartfelt congratulations.
(b). 当ホテルでのご滞在が快適でなかった由、誠に申し訳なく存じます。
We learned that your stay at our hotel was not a pleasant one. We are very sorry for that.
(c). 交通事故のこと伺いました。お怪我などなかった由、ほっといたしております。
I heard about the traffic accident. I am relieved to hear that you were not hurt.
(d). 石垣島は運よく台風の通過コースからはずれたため被害が少なかった由。
I was informed that there was not much damage on Ishigaki Island because, luckily, the typhoon missed it (literally: swerved away from it).
(e). 日本消費者連盟は、一部ウイスキーの不正表示に関して、公正取引委員会に申し入れる由である。
It is said that the Japan Consumers Union is going to appeal to the Fair Trade Commission regarding the dishonest labels on some whiskies.
(f). 懇親会にご出席の由、吉本君から連絡を受けました。
I heard from Mr. Yoshimoto that you will be attending the reception.
